In thermal power plants, the heat energy obtained from combustion of solid fuel (mostly coal) is used to convert water into steam, this steam is at high pressure and temperature. This steam is used to rotate the turbine blade turbine shaft is connected to the generator. The generator converts the kinetic energy of the turbine impeller into electric energy.

All Typical thermal power plant contains key equipment like Steam generator (Boiler), Turbine generator, Fuel handling system, water treatment system, Cooling tower and condenser, Ash handling system, Chimney, Steam and water piping, pollution control equipment, and power evacuation system etc.